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    Original articles
  • Original articles
    Intestinal tissue injury and gut microbiome changes in mice treated with whole body irradiation by gamma rays
    DUAN Min, YANG Zhe, LIU Ying, WANG Yongyi, YE Yumeng, HAO Yanhui, ZUO Hongyan, LI Yang
    2024, 48(9): 641-649. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.001
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    Objective To investigate the effects of 0.5 Gy 60Co γ-ray irradiation on intestinal tissue injury and intestinal microflora in mice. Methods C57BL/6N mice were irradiated with 0.5 Gy 60Co γ-ray at 1 d, 3 d, 7 d and 14 d after irradiation. Jejunum tissues were fixed and frozen, and feces were frozen. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological injury to jejunum after irradiation, ki67 immunohistochemical staining was adopted to detect the proliferation of jejunum crypt cells, and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling was employed to detect the apoptosis of jejunum crypt cells. The expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 cytokines in small intestines were detected via radioimmunoassay. The changes of intestinal flora in mice after irradiation were analyzed by metagenomic sequencing, and LEfSe analysis and ROC analysis were used to screen the bacteria with significant differences. Results After 0.5 Gy 60Co γ-ray irradiation, the proliferative cells of the jejunal crypt were significantly decreased at 1 d after irradiation（P<0.05）, while the apoptotic cells were significantly increased at 1 and 3 d after irradiation （P<0.01）. The expression of TNF-α at 7 and 14 d after irradiation, that of IL-1β at 1,3,7 and 14 d after irradiation and that of IL-6 at 3,7 and 14 d after irradiation were significantly increased （P<0.05）, while the expression of IL-10 at 7 and 14 d after irradiation was significantly decreased （P<0.05）. After 0.5 Gy 60Co γ-ray irradiation, intestinal flora composition changed significantly at phylum, genus and species levels, and Lactobacillus murinus, Lactobacillus johnsonii, Alistipes-unclassified, Mucispirillum schaedleri underwent the most significant changes and had higher LDA scores. Conclusion The whole body irradiation of 0.5 Gy 60Co γ-ray can cause intestinal tissue damage and change the composition of intestinal flora in mice.
  • Original articles
    Infectivity of hepatitis A virus cell-adapted strain in type Ⅰ interferon receptor-deficient mice
    GAO Min, MA Qingqing, LI Jian, RUAN Ruotong, QIN Chengfeng, ZHAO Hui
    2024, 48(9): 650-655. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.002
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    Objective To investigate the infectivity of hepatitis A virus （HAV） cell-adapted strain in a type I interferon receptor-deficient mouse model. Methods The biological charateristics of HM175/18f were identified, including the viral protein expression and viral proliferation by indirect immunofluorescence,Western blot and real-time quantitative RT-PCR in vitro. Then, type I interferon receptor-deficient A129 mice were infected with HM175/18f via intravenous injection. The viral RNA load in serum, feces and liver tissues of infected mice were detected to determine the replication of HAV in vivo. The level of serum alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and HE staining of liver tissues were used to evaluate liver injury. Additionally, the dynamic changes of HAV-specific IgG antibody was detected to assess the humoral immune response induced by HM175/18f. Results A129 mice infected with HM175/18f did not show obvious clinical symptoms, nor was the ALT level significantly elevated. However, viral RNA persisted in the liver tissue of infected mice until 42 days after infection. There was focal infiltration of lymphocytes and neutrophils in the liver tissue of infected mice, but no focal necrosis was observed. More importantly, HM175/18f infection caused significant viremia and sustained fecal virus shedding. In addition, HM175/18f induced a significant HAV-specific humoral immune response in A129 mice. Conclusion Our study has revealed the infectivity of HAV cell-adapted strain HM175/18f in type I interferon receptor-deficient mice, and identified the attenuated characteristics of HM175/18f, which not only contributes to our understanding of the pathogenesis of HAV, but also expand the applications of a type I interferon receptor-deficient mouse model in the study of hepatitis A.
  • Original articles
    A comparative study of regulation of the homing ability of mesenchymal stem cells by hypoxia and hydrogen peroxide pretreatment
    HUANG Yichen, JIANG Mingxia, MA Wenjing, CHEN Qiaomi, BAI Rui, XIU Bingshui, SONG Mengwen, NIU Jie, LIU Zhiqiang
    2024, 48(9): 656-663. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.003
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    Objective To determine the optimal conditions for CXCR4 upregulation by comparing the expression levels of chemokine （C-X-C motif） receptor 4 （CXCR4） in MSCs cultured with varying concentrations of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide （H2O2）. Methods MSCs were cultured with 0.1%, 1%, or 3% O2 and 50 μmol/L H2O2 for different lengths of time （3, 6, 12, and 24 h）. The mRNA and protein expressions of CXCR4 in MSCs were measured by real-time quantitative PCR （qPCR）, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. The viability and chemotactic ability of MSCs were measured using CCK-8, wound-healing and Transwell migration assays. Results Both hypoxia and H2O2 treatment were found to upregulate MSC expressions of CXCR4 to some extent. The mRNA and protein levels of CXCR4 were higher after 6-12 h of culture of MSCs with 3% O2, and significantly higher when treated with H2O2 for 6 h. Cell viability was significantly increased after culture with 3% O2 compared with the control group and both 3% O2 and H2O2 pretreatment could enhance chemotactic migration in MSCs. Conclusion Culture with 3% O2 and H2O2 pretreatment can upregulate CXCR4 expressions in MSCs and enhance migration in cells, with superior effects observed with 3% O2. Therefore, treatment with 3% O2 represents the best choice for upregulating the chemotactic ability of MSCs.
  • Original articles
    Optimization of solid-phase synthesis process of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotides
    LONG Renjie, WANG Baogang, SONG Yabin
    2024, 48(9): 664-670. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.004
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    Objective To optimize the solid-phase synthesis process of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotide （PMO） and determine the optimal reaction conditions. Methods The PMO tetramer PMO-TTTT was synthesized according to the reported reaction conditions, followed by purification through a semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） process. PMO-TTTT was structurally verified using nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） and high-resolution mass spectrometry. With purified PMO-TTTT as a reference, a calibration curve was established, which subsequently guided the optimization of the reaction conditions for the solid-phase coupling reaction process, including the organic base, additives, duration of reaction and temperature. Under the optimized reaction condition, the anti-influenza A virus PMO sequence, PMO-flu, was synthesized and purified using a nucleic acid purification device. Results The optimal parameters for PMO solid-phase synthesis were determined. The organic base was N-ethylmorpholine, the additive was lithium iodide, the best temperature was 30 ℃, and the duration was 90 minutes. Conclusion The PMO solid-phase synthesis process has been established. LiI has been screened as a potent coupling reaction additive which could significantly boosts the efficiency of PMO solid-phase synthesis.
  • Original articles
    Characteristics and trends of the research on noise-induced hearing loss
    GUO Jingwen, YANG Jingyi, WANG Jingyi, CUI Bo, LI Zhe
    2024, 48(9): 671-677. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.005
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    Objective To offer a detailed review of developments in research on noise-induced hearing loss by constructing a knowledge map in order to provide data for related studies in China. Methods The literature related to research on noise-induced hearing loss was retrieved from the Web of Science and used as the subject. Such software for visualization analysis as VOSviewer, CiteSpace and Bibliometrix was used to construct the knowledge map. The way in which research on noise-induced hearing loss evolved was explored in terms of trends of publication, co-occurrence networks and co-occurrence of key words. Results Research on noise-induced hearing loss was fast-developing. The United States ranked first in this field in terms of the total number of articles published and citations. China took the second place in the number of articles published. The top institutions in the number of articles published included the University of Michigan, University at Buffalo SUNY, Harvard, Karolinska Institute and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Conclusion Research in this sphere started with cochlear hair cells. Cochlear implant,hidden hearing loss and cochlear synaptopathy have come to be the hot spots for related research. Research on hair cell regeneration and sex difference has provided a new line of thought for the gene therapy and hormone therapy of noise-induced hearing loss.
  • Original articles
    Incidence and influencing factors of white matter hyperintensity in 1415 pilots
    SONG Yuting, LI Xiangsheng, CHANG Miao, SUN Peng, FANG Yuan, FANG Hong, ZHANG Jinlong
    2024, 48(9): 678-681. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.006
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    Objective To analyze the incidence of and risk factors for white matter hyperintensity （WMH） in pilots. Methods A retrospective case-control study was performed. The subjects were 1,415 pilots ages 19 to 58 who had undergone cranial MRI examination in a hospital between September 2020 and August 2023. They were divided into two groups： the WMH group and the control group （without WMH）. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify the risk factors for WMH. Results There were 219 cases in the WMH group and 1,196 cases in the control group. The total incidence of WMH was approximately 15.48%, with mild, moderate and severe cases of WMH accounting for 70.78%, 24.20%, and 0.47%, respectively. Regression analysis results showed that age （OR=1.625,95%CI：1.099-2.404） and flight time （OR=1.282, 95%CI： 1.033-1.592） were risk factors for WMH in pilots. Conclusion The incidence of WMH in pilots was approximately 15.48%. Most of WMH were mild according to Fazekas grading. Age increase and long flight time are risk factors for WMH in pilots.
  • Original articles
    Simulation and quantitative analysis of medical evacuation operations: taking battles in the Kherson region as an example
    PENG Bo, ZHANG Na, HE Zhen
    2024, 48(9): 682-685. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.007
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    Objective To investigate the applicability of simulation technology in the development of medical support plans and the evaluation of their effectiveness by focusing on the combat operations between Russian and Ukrainian forces over the Kherson region. Methods The casualties and medical evacuation routes of Russian military troops were conceptualized based on publicly available data from the Internet. Computer simulation methods were used to model the wartime medical evacuation by Russian troops and the results were quantitatively analyzed. Results Based on independent operations and combined operations of different medical evacuation routes, quantitative indicators such as treatment efficiency at three levels （field hospitals, evacuation hospitals, and base hospitals）,evacuation efficiency, and casualties were obtained. Conclusion By constructing multiple parallel and backup evacuation routes, the efficiency of medical evacuation can be improved, with casualties reduced, and the relative safety and stability of evacuation ensured.
  • Original articles
    Potential applications of a compartment model in the prevention and control of emerging respiratory infectious diseases in military camps
    WANG Xuechun, ZHANG Xixiaoxue, YANG Shanshan, LIU Miao
    2024, 48(9): 686-689. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.008
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    Military camps are characterized by compact space and high personnel density, which increases the risk of emerging respiratory infectious diseases and makes prevention and control difficult. One effective solution is to use a compartment model for early warning, prediction of epidemic outbreaks, and for optimization of precautions. Given the strong similarities in the transmission of emerging respiratory infectious diseases across military camps and communities, this article summarizes the cases where compartment models have been used both at home and abroad, constructs a susceptible-exposed-infectious-removed model and a susceptible-exposed-infectious-quarantined-removed model, and simulates the prediction of trends and selection of prevention and control measures in typical military camp scenarios after the outbreak of an epidemic in hopes of providing references for the prevention and control of emerging respiratory infectious diseases and for the construction of a regional intelligent early warning platform in military camps.
    • Reviews
  • Reviews
    Research progress in impact of bodily damage on gut microecology induced by exposure to high-altitude hypoxic environments
    DING Yufan, WANG Yating, LIU Weili, SHEN Zhiqiang
    2024, 48(9): 690-694. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.009
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    A high-altitude environment is characterized by low oxygen levels, low pressure, and low temperatures. Exposure to the plateau environment often causes damage to the body, leading to the occurrence of acute mountain sickness/chronic mountain sickness（AMS/CMS）. Research indicates that acute or chronic exposure to the special environment can result in overall organ dysfunctions, such as those in the heart and gastrointestinal tract. The damage to the body caused by exposure to the plateau environment is closely related to acute and chronic hypoxia. Physiological maladjustment or disease is usually accompanied by changes in the structure of the gut microbiota. There have been reports on the correlations between the gut microbiota and bodily harm caused by high-altitude exposure. However, the specific types of bacteria involved and the mechanisms of action are still under investigation. This article reviews the intestinal tissue damage caused by low oxygen levels, immune activation, changes in microbial community structure, and differential metabolic products. The association and underlying mechanisms between bodily harm due to high-altitude exposure and the intestinal microbiota are also explored in hopes of stimulating new lines of thought related to the prevention and treatment of bodily harm caused by exposure to the plateau environment.
  • Reviews
    Research progress in application of sleep scale in the assessment and diagnosis of sleep disorders
    XIANG Yujie, JIANG Beier, WANG Ruoxi, BAN Chunli, HE Ying
    2024, 48(9): 695-700. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.010
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    Sleep disorders are characterized by difficulty falling asleep or maintaining sleep, excessive sleepiness, abnormalities of respiration during sleep, disturbances of the sleep-wake cycle and abnormal movements that disturb sleep. The incidence is increasing year by year, which causes a wide range of mental diseases and metabolic disorders, and impacts the health of soldiers. Sleep scales, regarded as one of the main methods for screening and diagnosing sleep disorders, are currently in the spotlight. This review describes the characteristics of different sleep scales in the hopes of providing data for proper selection of sleep scales in the assessments and diagnosis of different sleep disorders, and improving the sleep quality of soldiers.
  • Reviews
    Research progress in roles of olfactory stimulation in improving cognitive dysfunction
    ZHU Wei, WU Haowei, XU Donggang
    2024, 48(9): 701-707. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.011
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    Cognitive dysfunction, predominantly a consequence of neurodegenerative disorders, is a burgeoning health issue. Odor molecules have the unique ability to circumvent the blood-brain barrier through the olfactory pathway, exerting a direct influence on cognitive-related brain regions including the entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala, without transiting through the thalamus. These olfactory molecules, mostly sourced from natural plant essential oils, are characterized by significant volatility, minimal adverse reactions, and abundant availability. Hence, research into and applications of olfactory stimulation in improving cognitive dysfunction have raised widespread concerns. This article reviews the relationship between the olfactory pathway and cognitive brain regions, and explores the mechanism by which natural plant essential oils alleviate cognitive dysfunction through olfactory stimulation in order to provide a reference for improving cognitive function via olfactory stimulation.
  • Reviews
    Research progress in delivery systems of mesenchymal stem cells carrying paclitaxel
    PEI Yihao, CHEN Siyao, SU Yuyin, MAO Yiming, LI Ben
    2024, 48(9): 708-714. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.012
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    Mesenchymal stem cells have emerged as a promising cell therapy for anti-tumor research due to their homing properties,low immunogenicity,anti-angiogenic activity,anti-inflammatory properties,and paracrine effects. Paclitaxel has been clinically used for over thirty years in the treatment of various tumors such as ovarian cancer,lung cancer,and breast cancer. However,the broad-spectrum anti-tumor properties of paclitaxel are not possessed by the aforementioned cell therapies. Moreover,its adverse reactions,including peripheral neuropathy,bone marrow suppression,and gastrointestinal reactions,have long plagued cancer patients. In recent years,many studies have focused on combining cell therapy with chemotherapy to achieve better treatment outcomes,giving rise to a new drug delivery system that utilizes mesenchymal stem cells as carriers for delivering chemotherapeutic drugs. This review summarizes the research progress in MSC-based drug delivery systems for paclitaxel.
    • Short article
  • Short article
    Current situation and inspiration of combat stress control management in the U. S. military
    GU Renping, ZHOU Jinming, CHEN Guoliang
    2024, 48(9): 715-718. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.013
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    • Short report
  • Short report
    Spontaneous pneumothorax combined with mediastinal emphysema in military pilots: a case report
    MENG Wentao, SUN Danhong, HU Yong, YU Hong
    2024, 48(9): 719-720. https://doi.org/10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2024.09.014
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
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